На Debian сделал apt-get update; apt-get -y dist-upgrade; обновилось ядро
ls -l / lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Sep 9 12:32 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-11-amd64 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Sep 9 12:32 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-9-amd64 uname -a Linux gmk 4.9.0-9-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.168-1+deb9u4 (2019-07-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux
но
# ls /var/run/reboot-required ls: cannot access '/var/run/reboot-required': No such file or directory