[a-z] — почему попадают в список заглавные буквы?

Сегодня воскресенье, телепаты отдыхают.

Это типа регулярное выражение :) например, ls -d [a-z]* Почему-то попадаются файлики с именем, начинающися с заглавной буквы

locale ?

Если речь идет про bash, то FAQ по bash, вопрос E9:

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E9) Why does the pattern matching expression [A-Z]* match files beginning with every letter except `z'?

Bash-2.03, Bash-2.05 and later versions honor the current locale setting when processing ranges within pattern matching bracket expressions ([A-Z]). This is what POSIX.2 and SUSv3/XPG6 specify.

The behavior of the matcher in bash-2.05 and later versions depends on the current LC_COLLATE setting. Setting this variable to `C' or `POSIX' will result in the traditional behavior ([A-Z] matches all uppercase ASCII characters). Many other locales, including the en_US locale (the default on many US versions of Linux) collate the upper and lower case letters like this:

AaBb...Zz

which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `z'. Others collate like

aAbBcC...zZ

which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `a'.

The portable way to specify upper case letters is [:upper:] instead of A-Z; lower case may be specified as [:lower:] instead of a-z.

Look at the manual pages for setlocale(3), strcoll(3), and, if it is present, locale(1). If you have locale(1), you can use it to find your current locale information even if you do not have any of the LC_ variables set.

My advice is to put

export LC_COLLATE=C

into /etc/profile and inspect any shell scripts run from cron for constructs like [A-Z]. This will prevent things like

rm [A-Z]*

from removing every file in the current directory except those beginning with `z' and still allow individual users to change the collation order. Users may put the above command into their own profiles as well, of course.

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то есть команда

( export LC_COLLATE=C ; ls -d [a-z]* )

даст желаемый результат,

еще есть опция nocaseglob (команда shopt)

Понял, спасибо. А еще можно ls -d [[:lower:]]*

А может еще кто знает, как заставить

ls

выводить сперва директории, а потом все остальное?