[астрономия]космические лучи

GCRs have the following characteristics: 

• GCRs consist of the nuclei of the chemical elements that have been accelerated to extremely high energies outside the solar system. 
• Protons account for nearly 91% of the total GCR flux, alpha particles account for approximately 8%, and HZE (high charge and energy for Z > 3) particles account for < 1% of the total flux.  
• Even though the number of HZE particles is relatively small, they contribute a large fraction of the total dose equivalent. 
• At Solar Maximum conditions, GCR fluxes are substantially reduced producing a dose of roughly half of that produced by the Solar Minimum GCR flux.